Arkeologi > Stenålder

800.000 år gamla fortspår

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Boreas:
Vid Happisburgh utanfør  Norfolk på engelska ostkusten har man hittat symetriskt hugna, bi-faciala spjutspetsar i flinta, vars ålder påstås överstiga 800.000 år. Nyligen bekräftades att man på samma ort hittat förstenade fotspår - med samma ålder:


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Scientists have discovered the earliest evidence of human footprints outside of Africa, on the Norfolk Coast in the East of England.

The footprints are more than 800,000 years old and were found on the shores of Happisburgh.

They are direct evidence of the earliest known humans in northern Europe.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-26025763


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Ny översikt över paleolitikum ikring Engelska kanalen:

"Site Distribution at the Edge of the Palaeolithic World"
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0081476

Ref.:
Arktiska mäniskor i England - 950.000 år f.n.:
http://www.arkeologiforum.se/forum/index.php/topic,3504.msg36613.html#msg36613
Kulturnivå:
http://www.arkeologiforum.se/forum/index.php/topic,5601.msg52025.html#msg52025
800.000 år gammal hantverkskonst:
http://www.arkeologiforum.se/forum/index.php/topic,4388.msg37054.html#msg37054
Tidiga britter:
http://www.arkeologiforum.se/forum/index.php/topic,5116.msg44629.html#msg44629
Väster og öster om Östersjön:
http://www.arkeologiforum.se/forum/index.php/topic,3504.msg39196.html#msg39196

Boreas:
Happisburg - Englands viktigaste arkeologiska fyndort?


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The Happisburgh footprints were a set of fossilized hominin footprints that date to the early Pleistocene. They were discovered in May 2013 in a newly uncovered sediment layer on a beach at Happisburgh.

Results of research on the footprints were announced on 7 February 2014, and identified them as dating to more than 800,000 years ago, making them the oldest known hominin footprints outside Africa. Before the Happisburgh discovery, the oldest known footprints in Britain were at Uskmouth in South Wales, from the Mesolithic and carbon-dated to 4,600 BC.


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Between 2005 and 2010 eighty palaeolithic flint tools, mostly cores, flakes and flake tools were excavated from the foreshore in sediment dating back to up to 950,000 years ago. The tools are believed to have been made by Homo antecessor, the same species thought to have made the footprints, and are the earliest artefacts to have been found in northern Europe


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happisburgh_footprints

Boreas:
Världens äldsta fynd av en upprest, bipedal gångart är 3,7 millioner år gammal, från Laetoli (Olduvai) i Tanzania:
http://www.arkeologiforum.se/forum/index.php/topic,2510.msg39472.html#msg39472

Märkligt nog blev också dessa fotspår hittat i hop med verktyg av acheulien-typ.


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Laetoli is a site in Tanzania, dated to the Plio-Pleistocene and famous for its hominin footprints, preserved in volcanic ash (Site G).

...

Dated to 3.7 million years ago, they were the oldest known evidence of hominin bipedalism at the time they were found.

...

Along with footprints were other discoveries including hominin and animal skeletal remains and Acheulean artifacts.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laetoli

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Boreas:
Hur 'moderna' var dåtidens människor?

http://www.utaot.com/2013/02/09/oldest-prehistoric-human-fossil-discovered-in-serbia-dated-between-397-000-and-525-000-years-old/


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Newly obtained ages, based on electron spin resonance combined with uranium series isotopic analysis, and infrared/post-infrared luminescence dating, provide a minimum age that lies between 397 and 525 ka for the hominin mandible BH-1 from Mala Balanica cave, Serbia.

This confirms it as the easternmost hominin specimen in Europe dated to the Middle Pleistocene. Inferences drawn from the morphology of the mandible BH-1 place it outside currently observed variation of European Homo heidelbergensis. The lack of derived Neandertal traits in BH-1 and its contemporary specimens in Southeast Europe, such as Kocabaş, Vasogliano and Ceprano, coupled with Middle Pleistocene synapomorphies, suggests different evolutionary forces acting in the east of the continent where isolation did not play such an important role during glaciations.


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http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0054608

Boreas:
Homo erectus och Acheulien - från England, Frankrike, Spanien och Serbien till Kaukasus och Kina:


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Middle Pleistocene hominin occupation in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Region, Central China

Danjiangkou Reservoir Region, central China is a key Paleolithic area with handaxes. The Maling 2A site, dated by OSL to ∼386–221 ka, is unusually rich in artifacts. Artifact distributions and sizes reflect only slight fluvial disturbance to the site. The assemblage is an Acheulean variant with the continuation of mode 1 elements.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440314003926

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Homo erectus i Kina redan 1,6 miljoner år sen?


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New dating of the Homo erectus cranium from Lantian (Gongwangling), China

The Homo erectus cranium from Gongwangling, Lantian County, Shaanxi Province is the oldest fossil hominin specimen from North China. It was found in 1964 in a layer below the Jaramillo subchron and was attributed to loess (L) L15 in the Chinese loess-palaeosol sequence, with an estimated age of ca. 1.15 Ma (millions of years ago). Here, we demonstrate that there is a stratigraphical hiatus in the Gongwangling section immediately below loess 15, and the cranium in fact lies in palaeosol (S) S22 or S23, the age of which is ca. 1.54–1.65 Ma.

Closely spaced palaeomagnetic sampling at two sections at Gongwangling and one at Jiacun, 10 km to the north, indicate that the fossil layer at Gongwangling and a similar fossil horizon at Jiacun were deposited shortly before a short period of normal polarity above the Olduvai subchron. This is attributed to the Gilsa Event that has been dated elsewhere to ca. 1.62 Ma. Our investigations thus demonstrate that the Gongwangling cranium is slightly older than ca. 1.62 Ma, probably ca. 1.63 Ma, and significantly older than previously supposed.

This re-dating now makes Gongwangling the second oldest site outside Africa (after Dmanisi) with cranial remains, and causes substantial re-adjustment in the early fossil hominin record in Eurasia.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047248414002309

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